13 research outputs found
Age-related change and context of sedentary and screen behaviour in young people
Get PDFEvidence shows that sedentary and screen behaviour may be associated with physical and mental health. Further evidence suggests that time spent in sedentary and screen behaviours increases from childhood to adolescence. Health behaviours in childhood and adolescence may persist into adulthood; therefore, there is a need to further our understanding of the factors that influence sedentary and screen behaviour and the social contexts in which the behaviours occur. This information is required to support planning for effective interventions to reduce excessive screen time and associated adverse health outcomes. This thesis presents four linked studies that examine age-related change and context of sedentary and screen behaviours, and associations with health behaviours. Chapter 2 is a systematic review and meta-analysis which describes age-related changes in sedentary and screen behaviour during childhood and adolescence and examines whether the magnitude of change varies across social or demographic population groups. Using data from the Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones cohort, Chapter 3 describes changes in time spent in contemporary screen-based behaviours and examines sociodemographic differences in these changes over approximately 2 years in adolescents aged 11 – 15 years. Chapter 4 describes diurnal patterns in adolescents’ screen-based behaviours and examines their association with social context on weekdays and weekend days. Chapter 5 examines the association of diary-assessed screen behaviours with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in adolescents, and explores whether associations vary by sex. Findings suggest sedentary and screen behaviour increase as children and adolescents age, suggesting that interventions may be appropriate to limit these behaviours. However, there is a change in device use as adolescents age and the distribution of time differs across the day, and with particular members of the social context, depending on the behaviour of interest. Screen behaviours may displace time spent in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep, suggesting that targeted strategies to reduce time spent in specific screen-behaviours may be valuable as part of a package of measures to promote physical activity in adolescents
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Age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Get PDFFunder: University of East Anglia, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesSedentary behaviors are highly prevalent in youth and may be associated with markers of physical and mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence. Ten electronic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria specified longitudinal observational studies or control group from an intervention; participants aged ≥5 and ≤18 years; a quantitative estimate of the duration of SB; and English language, peer-reviewed publication. Meta-analyses summarized weighted mean differences (WMD) in device-assessed sedentary time and questionnaire-assessed screen-behaviors over 1-, 2-, 3-, or more than 4-year follow-up. Effect modification was explored using meta-regression. Eighty-five studies met inclusion criteria. Device-assessed sedentary time increased by (WMD 95% confidence interval [CI]) 27.9 (23.2, 32.7), 61.0 (50.7, 71.4), 63.7 (53.3, 74.0), and 140.7 (105.1, 176.4) min/day over 1-, 2-, 3-, and more than 4-year follow-up. We observed no effect modification by gender, baseline age, study location, attrition, or quality. Questionnaire-assessed time spent playing video games, computer use, and a composite measure of sedentary behavior increased over follow-up duration. Evidence is consistent in showing an age-related increase in various forms of sedentary behavior; evidence pertaining to variability across socio-demographic subgroups and contemporary sedentary behaviors are avenues for future research
Adolescent time use and mental health: a cross-sectional, compositional analysis in the Millennium Cohort Study
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To examine the association of 24-hour time-use compositions with mental health in a large, geographically diverse sample of UK adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, secondary data analysis. SETTING: Millennium Cohort Study (sixth survey), a UK-based prospective birth cohort. PARTICIPANTS: Data were available from 4642 adolescents aged 14 years. Analytical samples for weekday and weekend analyses were n=3485 and n=3468, respectively (45% boys, 85% white ethnicity). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, socioemotional behaviour), Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ, depressive symptoms) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE, self-esteem). Behavioural exposure data were derived from 24-hour time-use diaries. RESULTS: On weekdays, participants spent approximately 54% of their time in sleep, 3% in physical activity, 9% in school-related activities, 6% in hobbies, 11% using electronic media and 16% in domestic activities. Predicted differences in SDQ, MFQ and RSE were statistically significant for all models (weekday and weekend) that simulated the addition or removal of 15 min physical activity, with an increase in activity being associated with improved mental health and vice versa. Predicted differences in RSE were also significant for simulated changes in electronic media use; an increase in electronic media use was associated with reduced self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Small but consistent associations were observed between physical activity, electronic media use and selected markers of mental health. Findings support the delivery of physical activity interventions to promote mental health during adolescence, without the need to specifically target or protect time spent in other activities
Age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Get PDFFunder: University of East Anglia, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesSedentary behaviors are highly prevalent in youth and may be associated with markers of physical and mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the age-related change in sedentary behavior during childhood and adolescence. Ten electronic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria specified longitudinal observational studies or control group from an intervention; participants aged ≥5 and ≤18 years; a quantitative estimate of the duration of SB; and English language, peer-reviewed publication. Meta-analyses summarized weighted mean differences (WMD) in device-assessed sedentary time and questionnaire-assessed screen-behaviors over 1-, 2-, 3-, or more than 4-year follow-up. Effect modification was explored using meta-regression. Eighty-five studies met inclusion criteria. Device-assessed sedentary time increased by (WMD 95% confidence interval [CI]) 27.9 (23.2, 32.7), 61.0 (50.7, 71.4), 63.7 (53.3, 74.0), and 140.7 (105.1, 176.4) min/day over 1-, 2-, 3-, and more than 4-year follow-up. We observed no effect modification by gender, baseline age, study location, attrition, or quality. Questionnaire-assessed time spent playing video games, computer use, and a composite measure of sedentary behavior increased over follow-up duration. Evidence is consistent in showing an age-related increase in various forms of sedentary behavior; evidence pertaining to variability across socio-demographic subgroups and contemporary sedentary behaviors are avenues for future research
Adolescent time use and mental health: a cross-sectional, compositional analysis in the Millennium Cohort Study
Get PDF© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions.OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of 24-hour time-use compositions with mental health in a large, geographically diverse sample of UK adolescents.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional, secondary data analysis.
SETTING: Millennium Cohort Study (sixth survey), a UK-based prospective birth cohort.
PARTICIPANTS: Data were available from 4642 adolescents aged 14 years. Analytical samples for weekday and weekend analyses were n=3485 and n=3468, respectively (45% boys, 85% white ethnicity).
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, socioemotional behaviour), Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ, depressive symptoms) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE, self-esteem). Behavioural exposure data were derived from 24-hour time-use diaries.
RESULTS: On weekdays, participants spent approximately 54% of their time in sleep, 3% in physical activity, 9% in school-related activities, 6% in hobbies, 11% using electronic media and 16% in domestic activities. Predicted differences in SDQ, MFQ and RSE were statistically significant for all models (weekday and weekend) that simulated the addition or removal of 15 min physical activity, with an increase in activity being associated with improved mental health and vice versa. Predicted differences in RSE were also significant for simulated changes in electronic media use; an increase in electronic media use was associated with reduced self-esteem.
CONCLUSION: Small but consistent associations were observed between physical activity, electronic media use and selected markers of mental health. Findings support the delivery of physical activity interventions to promote mental health during adolescence, without the need to specifically target or protect time spent in other activities.Unfunde
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Worldwide surveillance of self-reported sitting time: a scoping review
Get PDFAbstract: Background: Prolonged sitting time is a risk factor for chronic disease, yet recent global surveillance is not well described. The aims were to clarify: (i) the countries that have collected country-level data on self-reported sitting time; (ii) the single-item tools used to collect these data; and (iii) the duration of sitting time reported across low- to high-income countries. Methods: Country-level data collected within the last 10 years using single-item self-report were included. The six-stage methodology: (1) reviewing Global Observatory for Physical Activity! Country Cards; (2–4) country-specific searches of PubMed, the Demographic and Health Survey website and Google; (5) analysing the Eurobarometer 88.4; and (6) country-specific searches for World Health Organization STEPwise reports. Results: A total of 7641 records were identified and screened for eligibility. Sixty-two countries (29%) reported sitting time representing 47% of the global adult population. The majority of data were from high-income (61%) and middle income (29%) countries. The tools used were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ; n = 34), a modified IPAQ (n = 1) or the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ; n = 27). The median of mean daily sitting times was 4.7 (IQR: 3.5–5.1) hours across all countries. Higher-income countries recorded a longer duration of sitting time than lower-income countries (4.9 vs 2.7 h). Conclusions: This study provides an updated collation of countries collecting self-reported sitting time data. The daily sitting time findings should be interpreted cautiously. Current surveillance of sitting time is limited by a lack of coverage. Measures of population sitting time that are valid, feasible and sensitive to change should be embedded within global surveillance systems, to help guide future policy, research and practice. Trial registration: Not applicable
The diurnal pattern and social context of screen behaviours in adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study
No full textAbstract
Background
Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in young people and excessive screen use may pose a risk to physical and mental health. Understanding the timing and social settings in which young people accumulate screen time may help to inform the design of interventions to limit screen use. This study aimed to describe diurnal patterns in adolescents’ screen-based behaviours and examine the association of social context with these behaviours on weekdays and weekend days.
Methods
Time use diary data are from the sixth wave (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14Â years. Outcome variables were electronic games/Apps, TV-viewing, phone calls and emails/texts, visiting social networking sites and internet browsing. Social context was categorised as alone only, parents only, friends only, siblings only, parents and siblings only. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between social contexts and screen activities.
Results
Time spent in TV-viewing was greatest in the evening with a peak of 20Â min in every hour between 20:00 and 22:00 in both sexes on weekdays/weekend days. Time spent using electronic games/Apps for boys and social network sites for girls was greatest in the afternoon/evening on weekdays and early afternoon/late evening on weekend days. Screen activities were mainly undertaken alone, except for TV-viewing. Compared to being alone, being with family members was associated with (Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)) more time in TV-viewing in both boys and girls throughout the week (Weekdays: Boys, 2.84 (2.59, 3.11); Girls, 2.25 (2.09, 2.43); Weekend days: Boys, 4.40 (4.16, 4.67); Girls, 5.02 (4.77, 5.27)). Being with friends was associated with more time using electronic games on weekend days in both sexes (Boys, 3.31 (3.12, 3.51); Girls, 3.13 (2.67, 3.67)).
Conclusions
Reductions in screen behaviours may be targeted throughout the day but should be sensitive to differing context. Family members, friends, and adolescent themselves may be important target groups in behaviour change interventions. Future research to address the complex interplay between social context, content and quality of screen behaviours will aid the design of behaviour change interventions.
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The diurnal pattern and social context of screen behaviours in adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study
Get PDFBackground: Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in young people and excessive screen use may pose a risk to physical and mental health. Understanding the timing and social settings in which young people accumulate screen time may help to inform the design of interventions to limit screen use. This study aimed to describe diurnal patterns in adolescents’ screen-based behaviours and examine the association of social context with these behaviours on weekdays and weekend days. Methods: Time use diary data are from the sixth wave (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14 years. Outcome variables were electronic games/Apps, TV-viewing, phone calls and emails/texts, visiting social networking sites and internet browsing. Social context was categorised as alone only, parents only, friends only, siblings only, parents and siblings only. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between social contexts and screen activities. Results: Time spent in TV-viewing was greatest in the evening with a peak of 20 minutes in every hour between 20:00 and 22:00 in both sexes on weekdays/weekend days. Time spent using electronic games/Apps for boys and social network sites for girls was greatest in the afternoon/evening on weekdays and early afternoon/late evening on weekend days. Screen activities were mainly undertaken alone, except for TV-viewing. Compared to being alone, being with family members was associated with (Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)) more time in TV-viewing in both boys and girls throughout the week (Weekdays: Boys, 2.84 (2.59, 3.11); Girls, 2.25 (2.09, 2.43); Weekend days: Boys, 4.40 (4.16, 4.67); Girls, 5.02 (4.77, 5.27)). Being with friends was associated with more time using electronic games on weekend days in both sexes (Boys, 3.31 (3.12, 3.51); Girls, 3.13 (2.67, 3.67)). Conclusions: Reductions in screen behaviours may be targeted throughout the day but should be sensitive to differing context. Family members, friends, and adolescent themselves may be important target groups in behaviour change interventions. Future research to address the complex interplay between social context, content and quality of screen behaviours will aid the design of behaviour change interventions
The Association of Contemporary Screen Behaviours with Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep in Adolescents: a Cross-sectional Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study
No full textAbstract
Background
Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in adolescents and may be adversely associated with physical and mental health. Understanding how screen behaviours inter-relate with physical activity and sleep may help to clarify pathways through which they impact health and potential routes to behaviour change. This cross-sectional study examines the association of contemporary screen behaviours with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in adolescents.
Method
Data are from sweep 6 (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14Â years. Outcome variables were accelerometer-assessed overall physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), self-reported sedentary behaviour and sleep duration. Screen behaviours were assessed using a 24-h time-use diary. Multivariable regression was used to examine the association between screen behaviours and each outcome variable separately for weekdays and weekend days.
Results
The use of social network sites was associated with (beta coefficient, 95% confidence interval (CI); minutes/day) less time in MVPA (weekdays: − 5.2 (− 10.3, − 0.04); weekend: − 10.0 (− 15.5, − 4.5)), and sedentary behaviours (weekdays: − 19.8 (− 31.0, − 8.6); weekend: − 17.5 (− 30.9, − 4.1)). All screen behaviours were associated with shorter sleep duration on weekdays, whereas only the use of email/texts and social network sites was associated with shorter sleep duration on weekend days. The association of using social network sites with overall physical activity was stronger in girls than in boys; the association of internet browsing with sedentary behaviour was stronger in boys than in girls.
Conclusion
Intervention strategies to enhance MVPA and sleep duration by limiting screen-based activities may be warranted.
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The Association of Contemporary Screen Behaviours with Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep in Adolescents: a Cross-sectional Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study.
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Screen behaviours are highly prevalent in adolescents and may be adversely associated with physical and mental health. Understanding how screen behaviours inter-relate with physical activity and sleep may help to clarify pathways through which they impact health and potential routes to behaviour change. This cross-sectional study examines the association of contemporary screen behaviours with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in adolescents. METHOD: Data are from sweep 6 (2015/2016) of the Millennium Cohort Study, conducted when participants were aged 14 years. Outcome variables were accelerometer-assessed overall physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), self-reported sedentary behaviour and sleep duration. Screen behaviours were assessed using a 24-h time-use diary. Multivariable regression was used to examine the association between screen behaviours and each outcome variable separately for weekdays and weekend days. RESULTS: The use of social network sites was associated with (beta coefficient, 95% confidence interval (CI); minutes/day) less time in MVPA (weekdays: - 5.2 (- 10.3, - 0.04); weekend: - 10.0 (- 15.5, - 4.5)), and sedentary behaviours (weekdays: - 19.8 (- 31.0, - 8.6); weekend: - 17.5 (- 30.9, - 4.1)). All screen behaviours were associated with shorter sleep duration on weekdays, whereas only the use of email/texts and social network sites was associated with shorter sleep duration on weekend days. The association of using social network sites with overall physical activity was stronger in girls than in boys; the association of internet browsing with sedentary behaviour was stronger in boys than in girls. CONCLUSION: Intervention strategies to enhance MVPA and sleep duration by limiting screen-based activities may be warranted
